This historic Japanese martial art dates back centuries and includes many rituar elements found in the Shinto religion. The rules have changed much over the centeries but the principle is still the same.

The match is held in a circle area which is 4.55 metres in diameter. The ring is bounded by bales of rice straw which is covered in clay called tawara.  At the centre of the ring are two white lines where the oponents mus position themselves before the bout. There is fine sand on the ouside of the ring so that it is easy to see if a player has steped outside the ring.

The Sumo tradition is very ancient, it dates back to prehistoric times and is mentioned in many of the oldest written word found in Japan.  Today's somo and even today the sport includes many ritual elements from when Sumo was used in the Shinto religion such as the use of salt for purification and

There are two ways to loose a bout, be the first player to touch the ground outside the circle or be the first player to touch any part of the inside circle with any body part other than the soles of his feet. Matches usually only last a few seconds as the sheer power of the often huge opponents usually topples and off balances the other opponent.

Professional Sumo  is  huge drawcard in Japan, there are some 700 professional wrestlers and many of them are treated like rockstars earning huge amounts of money.  Only the Oyakata which are former wrestlers have the right to train new wrestlers and there is a strict hierachy based system of merit dating back hundreds of years to the Edo period.

Sumo wrestlers take wrestling names called shikona which are given to them by their trainer and sometimes they change their names several times during their carrer making it a bit confussing.

There are six Grand Sumo tornaments or Honbasho as they are called held each year with 3 being held in Tokyo and one in Nagoya, Fukuoka and Osaka. Each tournaments start on the sunday and run for 15 days.

Life of a Sumo is a lifestyle which controls what they wear, eat even how they look with special hairstyles with a top knot called a chonmage.

Unfortunalty many Sumo's do not enjoy the long life as the rest of Japan with their average life expectancy some 10 years less with many older Sumo suffering from heart, diabeties, high blood pressure and stress joints.